Degenerate art is the English translation of the German term entartete Kunst, a term adopted by the Nazi regime to describe virtually all modern art, which was banned on the grounds that it was un-German or Jewish Bolshevist in nature. Degenerate Art was also the title of an exhibition, mounted by the Nazis in Munich in 1937, consisting of modernist artworks chaotically hung and accompanied by text labels deriding the art. The exhibition was designed to inflame public opinion against modernism. Modernist artists such as Emil Nolde, Max Beckmann, Marc Chagall, James Ensor, Henri Matisse, Pablo Picasso and Vincent van Gogh were included in this group.
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